Managing Menstrual Flow with Confidence: How to Use Sanitary Napkins

July 17, 2023July 17, 2023 Niyati Rao

What is Sanitary Napkin and How Does it Work?

A sanitary napkin, also known as a sanitary pad or menstrual pad, is a feminine hygiene product used by women during their menstrual cycles. It is designed to be worn inside the underwear to absorb menstrual flow.

Sanitary napkins typically consist of several layers. The top layer is made of a soft, permeable material that allows the flow of menstrual blood to pass through. This layer helps to keep the surface dry and comfortable. The absorbent core, located in the middle layer, is made of materials such as cotton, cellulose, or superabsorbent polymers. This core absorbs the menstrual flow and locks it away, preventing leakage.

The back layer of the sanitary napkin is typically waterproof to prevent any seepage onto clothing. Adhesive strips on the back keep the pad securely in place within the underwear. Some sanitary napkins also come with wings, which are flaps that fold over the sides of the underwear to provide additional leakage protection.

When a woman wears a sanitary napkin, it absorbs the menstrual flow, keeping her feeling dry and comfortable. Regular changing of the napkin is important to maintain hygiene and prevent any unpleasant odors.

Who Invented Sanitary Napkin

The modern disposable sanitary napkin, as we know it today, was invented by several individuals who made significant contributions to its development. However, it’s important to note that the concept of using absorbent materials during menstruation dates back centuries.

One notable figure in the development of the modern sanitary napkin is Benjamin Franklin Miller, who patented the first sanitary napkin in the United States in 1888. His design featured a disposable pad made of wood pulp and an adjustable belt to hold it in place.

Throughout the years, various inventors and companies further refined and improved sanitary napkin designs. Johnson & Johnson introduced the first mass-produced sanitary napkin called “Lister’s Towels” in 1896, which was made from cotton wool.

Since then, the innovation and advancement of sanitary napkins have continued, with different materials, shapes, and features being introduced to improve comfort and absorbency.

It’s important to recognize the contributions of these inventors and the ongoing efforts to enhance menstrual hygiene products to meet the needs of women worldwide.

The Importance of Sanitary Napkins for Menstrual Health

Sanitary napkins play a crucial role in maintaining menstrual health and hygiene for women. They offer several important benefits that contribute to overall well-being during menstruation.

Absorbency: Sanitary napkins are designed to effectively absorb menstrual flow, preventing leakage and providing a sense of security. They help to keep women dry and comfortable throughout the day, allowing them to engage in various activities without worry.
Hygiene and Odor Control: Menstrual blood, if not properly managed, can lead to unpleasant odors and potential infections. Sanitary napkins provide a clean and hygienic way to contain and manage menstrual flow, reducing the risk of odor and maintaining freshness.
Comfort and Convenience: Sanitary napkins are designed with women’s comfort in mind. They come in various sizes, shapes, and thicknesses, allowing women to choose the option that suits their needs and preferences. With adhesive backing and wings, they stay securely in place, ensuring a comfortable fit and ease of movement.
Menstrual Health Awareness: The use of sanitary napkins promotes awareness and understanding of menstrual health. It encourages women to take charge of their well-being, engage in conversations about menstruation, and seek necessary support and resources.
Prevention of Stigma and Taboos: Access to sanitary napkins helps break down the societal stigma and taboos surrounding menstruation. It promotes an open dialogue, educates communities about menstrual health, and contributes to creating a more inclusive and supportive environment for women.

Choosing the Right Sanitary Napkin: Factors to Consider

Selecting the appropriate sanitary napkin is essential for ensuring comfort, protection, and overall menstrual well-being. Here are some factors to consider when choosing the right sanitary napkin:

Absorbency Level: Assess your menstrual flow, whether it is light, moderate, or heavy. Opt for a sanitary napkin with an absorbency level that matches your needs. Light flow may require a thinner pad, while heavier flow may necessitate a thicker and more absorbent option.
Size and Shape: Sanitary napkins come in various sizes and shapes to suit different body types and preferences. Consider the coverage you require and choose a size that fits well in your underwear and provides adequate front-to-back protection.
Comfort and Flexibility: Look for sanitary napkins made from soft and breathable materials that offer comfort and flexibility. Consider ones with a cottony top layer to enhance breathability and minimize skin irritation.
Wings and Adhesive: Sanitary napkins with wings provide extra side protection and help prevent leakage. Check if the wings have a good adhesive to keep the pad securely in place during movement.
Skin Sensitivity: If you have sensitive skin or allergies, choose hypoallergenic and fragrance-free sanitary napkins to minimize the risk of irritation or discomfort.
Sustainability: Consider eco-friendly options, such as biodegradable or reusable sanitary napkins, to reduce environmental impact and promote sustainability.
Brand and Reviews: Research and read reviews about different brands to gauge their reliability, quality, and customer satisfaction. Personal recommendations from trusted sources can also be helpful.

Remember, every woman’s needs are unique, so it may take some trial and error to find the sanitary napkin that suits you best. By considering these factors, you can make an informed decision and ensure a comfortable and confident menstrual experience.

Types of Sanitary Napkins: A Comprehensive Overview

When it comes to managing menstruation, there are various types of sanitary napkins available to cater to different preferences and needs. Here is a comprehensive overview of the common types of sanitary napkins:

Regular Sanitary Napkins: Regular sanitary napkins are the most common type and are suitable for average menstrual flow. They provide basic absorbency and come in different sizes for a comfortable fit.
Overnight Sanitary Napkins: Designed for overnight use or heavy flow, overnight sanitary napkins offer extra-long and extra-absorbent coverage. They provide reliable protection and help prevent leakage during sleep.
Ultra-Thin Sanitary Napkins: Ultra-thin sanitary napkins are slim and lightweight, offering discreetness and a barely-there feel. Despite their thinness, they still provide excellent absorbency and comfort.
Maxi or Thick Sanitary Napkins: Maxi or thick sanitary napkins are designed for heavy flow days. They have a thicker absorbent core for maximum absorption and longer-lasting protection.
Panty Liners: Panty liners are very thin and light absorbent pads used for daily discharge, spotting, or as backup protection with tampons or menstrual cups. They are ideal for light flow days or as a precautionary measure.
Organic and Biodegradable Sanitary Napkins: These are made from natural and eco-friendly materials, such as organic cotton or bamboo fibers. Organic sanitary napkins are free from synthetic additives and are gentle on the skin, making them a more sustainable choice.
Scented Sanitary Napkins: Scented sanitary napkins are infused with fragrances to mask any menstrual odor. However, they may cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals, so it’s important to consider personal sensitivity when choosing scented options.
Reusable Cloth Pads: Cloth pads are washable and reusable alternatives to disposable sanitary napkins. They are made from soft, absorbent fabrics and can be a more sustainable and cost-effective option in the long run.

Each type of sanitary napkin has its advantages, so it’s important to choose based on your menstrual flow, comfort preferences, and environmental considerations. Remember to change your sanitary napkin regularly to maintain hygiene and menstrual health.

How to Properly Use and Dispose of Sanitary Napkins

Using and disposing of sanitary napkins correctly is crucial for maintaining hygiene and preventing environmental pollution. Here are some guidelines on how to properly use and dispose of sanitary napkins:

Clean Hands: Before handling a sanitary napkin, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water to ensure cleanliness and prevent the spread of germs.
Unwrap the Napkin: Open the individual packaging of the sanitary napkin just before use. Be careful not to tear or damage the pad during the unwrapping process.
Positioning: Remove the adhesive backing and position the sanitary napkin correctly in your underwear. Ensure that the absorbent side is facing your body and the wings, if present, are folded over the sides of your underwear for added protection against leakage.
Change Regularly: It is important to change your sanitary napkin every 4-6 hours or more frequently if it becomes saturated. This helps maintain cleanliness, prevents odor, and reduces the risk of infections.
Disposal: Wrap the used sanitary napkin in the wrapper or a separate piece of tissue or toilet paper. Never flush sanitary napkins down the toilet as they can cause blockages in plumbing systems. Instead, use a designated disposal bin or bag.
Discreet Disposal: If you’re in a public restroom, discreetly wrap the used sanitary napkin in toilet paper or place it in a sanitary napkin disposal bag if available. Use the provided disposal bins or follow the designated waste management guidelines.
Disposal of Reusable Cloth Pads: If you use reusable cloth pads, rinse them with cold water to remove excess blood, then wash them with mild soap and warm water. Dry them thoroughly before reuse.
Maintain Hygiene: After disposing of the used sanitary napkin, wash your hands with soap and water to ensure cleanliness.

Proper disposal of sanitary napkins is important for maintaining hygiene, preventing foul odors, and reducing environmental impact. Follow local waste management regulations and guidelines for disposing of sanitary waste responsibly.

Debunking Myths About Sanitary Napkins

Sanitary napkins, also known as menstrual pads, are surrounded by various myths and misconceptions. Let’s debunk some common myths about sanitary napkins:

Myth 1: Sanitary Napkins Cause Infertility.

Fact: This is a widespread misconception. Sanitary napkins do not cause infertility. Infertility can be caused by various factors unrelated to the use of sanitary napkins, such as hormonal imbalances, infections, or underlying health conditions.

Myth 2: Sanitary Napkins are Only for Unmarried Women.

Fact: Sanitary napkins are essential hygiene products for women, regardless of their marital status. Menstrual hygiene is necessary for all women of reproductive age to manage their menstrual flow safely and maintain their health.

Myth 3: Using Sanitary Napkins makes Periods Longer.

Fact: Sanitary napkins do not influence the duration of menstruation. Menstrual cycle length and duration are determined by hormonal changes in the body and are not affected by the use of sanitary napkins.

Myth 4: Sanitary Napkins can Cause Cancer.

Fact: There is no scientific evidence to support the claim that sanitary napkins cause cancer. Sanitary napkins undergo rigorous testing and are made from materials that are safe for use in contact with the skin.

Myth 5: All Sanitary Napkins Contain Harmful Chemicals.

Fact: While some sanitary napkins may contain synthetic materials, they go through quality checks and are regulated by health authorities. Additionally, there are organic and chemical-free options available for those who prefer them.

Myth 6: Sanitary Napkins can Cause Vaginal Infections.

Fact: Proper use and regular changing of sanitary napkins do not cause vaginal infections. However, if a pad is not changed frequently enough or proper hygiene practices are not followed, it can create a moist environment that may increase the risk of infections. Maintaining good menstrual hygiene is essential for preventing infections.

It’s important to rely on accurate information and dispel these myths surrounding sanitary napkins. Understanding the facts can help women make informed choices about menstrual hygiene and feel confident in their menstrual care practices.

Exploring Sustainable Alternatives to Disposable Sanitary Napkins

As environmental awareness grows, many women are seeking sustainable alternatives to disposable sanitary napkins. Here are some eco-friendly options worth exploring:

Menstrual Cups: Menstrual cups are reusable, bell-shaped devices made of medical-grade silicone or latex. They are inserted into the vagina to collect menstrual flow. Menstrual cups are cost-effective, long-lasting, and significantly reduce waste compared to disposable pads.
Reusable Cloth Pads: Cloth pads are washable and reusable alternatives to disposable sanitary napkins. They are typically made of soft, absorbent fabric with a waterproof layer. Cloth pads can be washed and reused for multiple menstrual cycles, reducing waste and environmental impact.
Organic Cotton Pads: Organic cotton pads are made from pesticide-free cotton and do not contain synthetic additives or chemicals. They are biodegradable and a more environmentally friendly option compared to conventional disposable pads.
Period Underwear: Period underwear is specially designed to absorb menstrual flow. They have multiple layers of absorbent fabric and a waterproof outer layer. Period underwear can be washed and reused, offering a sustainable and convenient alternative to disposable pads.
Biodegradable Disposable Pads: If you prefer disposable options, look for biodegradable sanitary napkins made from natural materials. These pads are designed to break down more quickly in landfills, reducing their environmental impact.
Menstrual Sponge: Natural sea sponges can be used as an alternative to disposable pads. They are inserted into the vagina to absorb menstrual flow and can be cleaned and reused for several cycles.

When considering sustainable alternatives, it’s important to choose products that align with your comfort, lifestyle, and menstrual flow. Remember to follow the manufacturer’s instructions for usage, cleaning, and maintenance.

Common Concerns and FAQs About Sanitary Napkins

Q: Are Sanitary Napkins Safe to Use?

A: Yes, sanitary napkins are considered safe for use. They undergo rigorous testing to ensure they meet quality and safety standards. However, if you have specific allergies or sensitivities, consider choosing hypoallergenic or organic options.

Q: Can I Wear a Sanitary Napkin While Swimming?

A: No, wearing a sanitary napkin while swimming is not recommended. Water can compromise the effectiveness of the pad, and it may not provide adequate protection against leaks. Consider using a menstrual cup or tampons designed for swimming instead.

Q: How often Should I Change my Sanitary Napkin?

A: It is generally recommended to change your sanitary napkin every 4-6 hours or more frequently if needed. Regular changing helps maintain hygiene, prevents odor, and reduces the risk of leakage and infections.

Q: Can I Sleep with a Sanitary Napkin On?

A: Yes, you can wear a sanitary napkin while sleeping. However, it is advisable to use overnight or maxi pads with higher absorbency for extended protection and to minimize the risk of leaks during the night.

Q: Can I Flush Sanitary Napkins Down the Toilet?

A: No, you should never flush sanitary napkins down the toilet. Sanitary napkins do not break down easily and can cause plumbing issues and blockages. Always wrap used sanitary napkins in the provided wrappers or tissue and dispose of them in designated waste bins.

Q: Can I Reuse a Sanitary Napkin?

A: No, sanitary napkins are designed for single-use only and should not be reused. Reusing a sanitary napkin can lead to hygiene issues, discomfort, and an increased risk of infections. Dispose of used pads properly and use a fresh one for each cycle.

Q: Are scented sanitary napkins safe to use?

A: Scented sanitary napkins may cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin. It is generally recommended to opt for unscented sanitary napkins to minimize the risk of skin irritation or discomfort.

The Role of Sanitary Napkins in Promoting Menstrual Hygiene

Sanitary napkins play a significant role in promoting menstrual hygiene and supporting the well-being of women. Here are some key ways in which sanitary napkins contribute to menstrual hygiene:

Absorbency and Protection: Sanitary napkins are designed to effectively absorb menstrual flow, providing a hygienic and convenient way to manage periods. They offer protection against leaks, ensuring women can go about their daily activities with confidence and without fear of embarrassment.
Comfort and Convenience: Sanitary napkins are designed for comfort, with soft and breathable materials that help prevent irritation and discomfort. They come in various sizes and shapes to accommodate different body types, allowing women to find the right fit for their needs.
Odor Control: Sanitary napkins help manage menstrual odor by absorbing and containing menstrual flow. This contributes to maintaining personal hygiene and helps women feel fresh and confident during their periods.
Hygiene and Infection Prevention: Proper use of sanitary napkins promotes cleanliness and helps prevent infections. By changing pads regularly, women can maintain good menstrual hygiene, reducing the risk of bacterial growth and associated health issues.
Menstrual Health Education: The use of sanitary napkins is often accompanied by menstrual health education. It provides an opportunity to raise awareness about menstruation, debunk myths, and educate women about proper menstrual hygiene practices.
Normalizing Menstruation: Sanitary napkins play a role in normalizing menstruation by providing a practical solution for managing periods. They help break the silence and taboos surrounding menstruation, promoting open discussions and reducing stigma.
Access and Equity: Availability of affordable and accessible sanitary napkins is essential for menstrual hygiene management, particularly in low-income communities. Efforts are being made to ensure access to sanitary napkins for all women, regardless of socioeconomic backgrounds.

By providing absorbency, protection, comfort, and promoting hygiene, sanitary napkins contribute to the overall well-being and menstrual health of women. They support women in maintaining an active lifestyle and positively impact their confidence, dignity, and empowerment during menstruation.

Tips for Choosing Comfortable and Absorbent Sanitary Napkins

When selecting sanitary napkins, it’s important to consider factors that contribute to comfort and absorbency. Here are some tips to help you choose the right ones:

Consider Your Flow: Assess your menstrual flow to determine the absorbency level you need. Light flow may require a thinner pad, while heavier flow may require a thicker and more absorbent option.
Choose the Right Size: Select a size that suits your body shape and provides adequate coverage. A well-fitting sanitary napkin ensures comfort and helps prevent leaks.
Soft and Breathable Materials: Look for sanitary napkins made from soft and breathable materials to enhance comfort and reduce the risk of irritation. Cotton-based or natural fiber options are often more comfortable and gentle on the skin.
Winged or Non-Winged: Decide whether you prefer sanitary napkins with wings or without. Wings provide extra side protection against leaks and help keep the pad in place during movement.
Adhesive Quality: Check the adhesive quality of the sanitary napkin. A good adhesive ensures that the pad stays securely in place, preventing shifting or discomfort.
Length and Shape: Consider the length and shape of the sanitary napkin. Longer pads offer better coverage, especially for overnight use or heavy flow days. Some pads have a contoured shape to fit the natural curves of your body for added comfort.
Try Different Brands: Explore different brands to find the one that suits you best. Each brand may have slightly different designs and features, so experimenting with different options can help you find your preferred choice.
Read Reviews and Recommendations: Read reviews or seek recommendations from trusted sources to gather insights on comfort, absorbency, and overall user satisfaction.

Addressing Menstrual Taboos: Normalizing the Use of Sanitary Napkins

Menstrual taboos have long plagued societies, perpetuating shame and silence around menstruation. Normalizing the use of sanitary napkins is an important step towards breaking these taboos. Here’s why it is crucial and some strategies to address the issue:

Promoting Menstrual Health Education: Educating both women and men about menstruation is essential in debunking myths and misconceptions. Providing accurate information about the menstrual cycle, hygiene practices, and the benefits of using sanitary napkins helps normalize their usage.
Encouraging Open Dialogue: Creating a safe and open environment for discussions around menstruation helps break the silence and stigma. Encourage conversations in families, schools, and communities to normalize the topic and address any questions or concerns related to sanitary napkins.
Empowering Women and Girls: Empowering women and girls to speak openly about menstruation helps them overcome shame and feel more confident in managing their menstrual health. By providing information and resources, they can make informed choices about using sanitary napkins without feeling embarrassed or judged.
Engaging Community Leaders: Collaborating with community leaders, religious leaders, and influencers can have a significant impact on normalizing the use of sanitary napkins. Their support and endorsement can help change perceptions and challenge deep-rooted taboos surrounding menstruation.
Access and Affordability: Ensuring access to affordable and quality sanitary napkins is crucial. Governments, NGOs, and local organizations can work together to provide subsidized or free sanitary napkins to underserved communities, ensuring that cost is not a barrier.
Men’s Involvement: Engaging men in discussions about menstrual hygiene is crucial to breaking taboos. Men can support and advocate for the use of sanitary napkins, challenging harmful beliefs and stereotypes. This inclusivity helps create a more supportive and understanding environment.
Media Representation: Media plays a powerful role in shaping societal norms. Promote positive and accurate representation of menstruation in media to help dismantle the taboo and promote the use of sanitary napkins as a normal and essential part of menstrual health management.

Ujjwala Sanitary Napkin Scheme in Which State Available

The Ujjwala Sanitary Napkin Scheme is a nationwide initiative in India. It was launched by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) to provide affordable sanitary napkins to women in rural areas. The scheme aims to promote menstrual hygiene and improve women’s health and well-being across all states in India.